濟(jì)南股權(quán)架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的本質(zhì)是通過一系列約定實(shí)現(xiàn)穩(wěn)定控制權(quán)、平衡各方利益的活動，那么股權(quán)架構(gòu)落地的載體是怎樣實(shí)現(xiàn)的呢?目前主流做法是，通過股東之間的協(xié)議以及公司章程來實(shí)現(xiàn)。這兩種形式各有側(cè)重點(diǎn)，效力范圍也略有不同。

The essence of equity structure design is to achieve stable control and balance the interests of all parties through a series of agreements. So, how is the carrier of equity structure implementation achieved? The current mainstream approach is to achieve this through agreements between shareholders and the company's articles of association. These two forms each have their own focus and slightly different scope of effectiveness.

1、股東協(xié)議

1. Shareholders' Agreement

(1)股東協(xié)議的應(yīng)用場景

(1) Application scenarios of shareholder agreements

股東協(xié)議是目前使用普遍的股權(quán)設(shè)計(jì)載體，因其自身具有的靈活性而在投融資領(lǐng)域被廣泛使用。

Shareholders' agreements are currently the most commonly used equity design vehicle and are widely used in the investment and financing field due to their inherent flexibility.

①滿足股東的個性化需求

① Meeting the personalized needs of shareholders

②突破工商登記手續(xù)的限制

② Breaking through the limitations of business registration procedures

③保障協(xié)議有效性的需要

③ The need to ensure the effectiveness of the agreement

(2)股東協(xié)議的效力范圍

(2) Scope of Validity of Shareholders' Agreement

股東協(xié)議屬于無名合同，因此在權(quán)利義務(wù)的設(shè)置上具有相當(dāng)?shù)撵`活性和自主性，這也是股東協(xié)議的一個巨大優(yōu)勢。這種協(xié)議不需要在工商局進(jìn)行備案，也不需要進(jìn)行行政審批，如果協(xié)議未附有生效條件或期限，股東簽訂后即可生效。

The shareholder agreement belongs to an anonymous contract, so it has considerable flexibility and autonomy in the setting of rights and obligations, which is also a huge advantage of the shareholder agreement. This type of agreement does not need to be filed with the Administration for Industry and Commerce, nor does it require administrative approval. If the agreement does not include effective conditions or deadlines, it can take effect after being signed by shareholders.

基于合同的相對性原理，此協(xié)議只能約束簽署協(xié)議的主體，未簽署協(xié)議的股東以及后續(xù)進(jìn)人的新股東及公司，均不受該協(xié)議的約束。當(dāng)然，股東協(xié)議的內(nèi)容不得違背法律法規(guī)的強(qiáng)制性規(guī)定，不得存在《合同法》第52條規(guī)定的無效情形，否則也沒有約束力。

Based on the principle of relativity in contracts, this agreement can only bind the parties signing the agreement. Shareholders who have not signed the agreement, as well as new shareholders and companies who subsequently enter, are not bound by this agreement. Of course, the content of the shareholder agreement shall not violate the mandatory provisions of laws and regulations, and there shall be no invalidity as stipulated in Article 52 of the Contract Law, otherwise it shall not be binding.

(3)股東協(xié)議可以解決哪些問題

(3) What issues can shareholder agreements address

①可以作為公司章程和交易協(xié)議的補(bǔ)充

① Can serve as a supplement to the company's articles of association and transaction agreements

②解決《公司法》的剛性治理問題

② Addressing the issue of rigid governance in the Company Law

2、公司章程

2. Articles of Association

(1)公司章程的尷尬現(xiàn)狀

(1) The awkward situation of the company's articles of association

實(shí)踐中公司章程的尷地表現(xiàn)在兩個方面:

The limitations of company bylaws in practice are manifested in two aspects:

①公司對公司章程重要性的認(rèn)識不足

① Insufficient understanding of the importance of the company's articles of association by the company

②工商備案的僵化

② The rigidity of industrial and commercial registration

(2)公司章程的效力范圍

(2) Scope of Validity of the Company's Articles of Association

章程效力主要包括兩個方面:時間效力。對人效力。

The effectiveness of the articles of association mainly includes two aspects: time effectiveness. Effectiveness to Persons.

(3)公司章程的自治空間

(3) Autonomy Space of Company Articles of Association

《公司法》給了股東足夠的自治空間，表現(xiàn)為尊重股東通過公司章程貫徹自治原則。在進(jìn)行股權(quán)架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)時，可以充分利用這些自治空間滿足股東的一部分特殊需求。

The Company Law provides sufficient autonomy space for shareholders, manifested in respecting the principle of autonomy implemented by shareholders through the company's articles of association. When designing the equity structure, these autonomous spaces can be fully utilized to meet some of the special needs of shareholders.

或者公司早程規(guī)定時其他解散

Or other dissolution as stipulated by the company's early schedule

散事由出現(xiàn)。

Scattered reasons arise.

3、其他載體

3. Other carriers

根據(jù)上面的討論，公司章程是股權(quán)架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的必備載體，公司的設(shè)立以及變更都離不開公司章程，它除了滿足法定要求之外，還解決了部分的股東個性需求；股東協(xié)議也是股權(quán)架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的重要載體，但不是每個公司都需要這種文件形來協(xié)助確定現(xiàn)權(quán)果構(gòu)、它制法的部是權(quán)東的個樣化高來。即平區(qū)所種載體形式以外。股東還可以根都公司現(xiàn)狀及股東之間的關(guān)系。選樣北化根棉形式協(xié)助股權(quán)架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的落地，常見的形式包括:

According to the above discussion, the company's articles of association are an essential carrier for designing the equity structure. The establishment and change of a company cannot be separated from the company's articles of association. In addition to meeting legal requirements, it also addresses some of the individual needs of shareholders; The shareholder agreement is also an important carrier of equity structure design, but not every company needs this form of document to assist in determining the current ownership structure, and the part of its legal system is the diversification of ownership. Other than the carrier form used in the flat area. Shareholders can also take into account the current situation of the company and the relationships between shareholders. Selecting samples of Beihua Root Cotton to assist in the implementation of equity structure design, common forms include:

(1)表決權(quán)委托協(xié)議;

(1) Voting Rights Entrustment Agreement;

(2)一致行動協(xié)議;

(2) Agreement on concerted action;

(3)股權(quán)代持協(xié)議;

(3) Equity holding agreement;

(4)持股路徑安排，包括:設(shè)立持股平臺(通常為有限合伙企業(yè)或有限公司)、搭建金字塔式持股結(jié)構(gòu)、進(jìn)行交叉持股安排等。

(4) The shareholding path arrangement includes: setting up a shareholding platform (usually a limited partnership or limited company), building a pyramid shareholding structure, and making cross shareholding arrangements.

當(dāng)然，上述協(xié)議形式有時是獨(dú)立的，有時又部分嵌人到股東協(xié)議之中，具體采用哪種形式取決于公司治理的需求及股東之間的默契。關(guān)于持股路徑安排，更多體現(xiàn)的是一種股權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)化設(shè)計(jì)，雖然不是明確具體的載體形式，但從廣義角度看，也是承接股權(quán)架構(gòu)落地的抽象操作安排。公司在設(shè)計(jì)股權(quán)架構(gòu)時，具體采用哪種方式落地，需要結(jié)合公司自身需求、功能要求等靈活使用。更多信息就來我們網(wǎng)站http://zhenzhush.com咨詢吧！

Of course, the above agreement forms are sometimes independent, and sometimes partially embedded in the shareholder agreement. The specific form adopted depends on the needs of corporate governance and the tacit understanding between shareholders. Regarding the arrangement of shareholding paths, it more reflects a structured equity design. Although it is not a specific carrier form, from a broad perspective, it is also an abstract operational arrangement to undertake the implementation of equity structures. When designing the equity structure of the company, the specific method used for implementation needs to be flexibly combined with the company's own needs, functional requirements, etc. For more information, come to our website http://zhenzhush.com Consult!