為什么創(chuàng)立公司的時候要進行股權(quán)架構(gòu)布局呢？比訪說，你要想實際控制公司的話最少是需要51%的股份，一旦公司發(fā)展大了需要融資，你沒有設(shè)計好你的股權(quán)架構(gòu)，不能最大程度上保證你的實際控制權(quán)，哪怕將來你讓步再大，最多也只能融到49%的錢。但是呢，如果咱們能夠把股權(quán)簡單的布局一下，就能夠做到，用一個集團公司控股業(yè)務(wù)公司，集團公司能融49%，業(yè)務(wù)公司也能融49%，不僅能夠融到2倍的錢，還能保證了你的實際控制權(quán)。

Why is it necessary to layout the equity structure when establishing a company? According to the interview, if you want to actually control the company, you need at least 51% of the shares. Once the company grows and needs financing, if you have not designed your equity structure well, you cannot guarantee your actual control to the greatest extent possible. Even if you make significant concessions in the future, you can only raise up to 49% of the money. But if we can simply lay out the equity, we can achieve that with a group company controlling the business company, the group company can raise 49%, and the business company can also raise 49%. Not only can we raise twice the amount of money, but we can also ensure your actual control.

所以說，公司股權(quán)布局得好，即能幫你多融錢，還能少交稅，甚至還可以規(guī)避很多風(fēng)險。布 局得不好，股東矛盾大是第一個問題，二一個決策開好幾次會都沒個結(jié)果。三為點雞毛蒜事吵架扯皮是常事，甚至一不注意公司還是別人的了。

So, if the company's equity layout is good, it can help you raise more money, pay less taxes, and even avoid many risks. The poor layout and significant shareholder conflicts are the first issues, and several meetings have failed to yield any results on the decision-making process. It's common to argue and argue over trivial matters, even if you don't pay attention to whether the company is still owned by someone else.

股權(quán)架構(gòu)布局究竟怎么去做呢？要考慮哪幾問題？我勸你啊寧可不吃飯也要把下面的幾個核心邏輯記好了，尤其是最后一點。公司的股權(quán)架構(gòu)設(shè)計是沒有固定的最優(yōu)解，畢竟每個公司實際情況不一樣，千人千面嘛：

How to do the equity structure layout? What are the issues to consider? I advise you to remember the following core logic, especially the last point, even if you don't eat. There is no fixed optimal solution for the equity structure design of a company, after all, the actual situation of each company is different, and there are thousands of people and faces

一，公司的實際控制權(quán)。這是最基礎(chǔ)的，千萬別設(shè)計出來一套股權(quán)分配方案，最后一執(zhí)行公司成別人的了。

1、 The actual control of the company. This is the most basic, don't design a set of equity distribution plans, and the last one to execute the company will be someone else's.

二，要設(shè)計防火墻。萬一公司經(jīng)營不善破產(chǎn)了，股權(quán)設(shè)計中布局防火墻，就能讓你付出的代價小很多了。比如你的集團公司注冊資金10萬，用集團公司控股100萬的業(yè)務(wù)公司，那即便業(yè)務(wù)公司破產(chǎn)，你也只用承擔(dān)集團公司10萬的代價。

2、 Design a firewall. If the company goes bankrupt due to poor management, installing a firewall in the equity design can make the cost much smaller. For example, if your group company has a registered capital of 100000 yuan and you use a business company controlled by the group company for 1 million yuan, even if the business company goes bankrupt, you will only bear the cost of 100000 yuan for the group company.

三，稅務(wù)規(guī)劃。開公司是肯定會和稅打交道的，做股權(quán)布局的時候，盡可能的往國家給予的免稅，低稅方面的政策去布局。

3、 Tax planning. When starting a company, it is certain to deal with taxes. When making equity arrangements, try to layout according to the tax exemption and low tax policies provided by the country as much as possible.

四，員工的股權(quán)激勵。通過股權(quán)激勵，既能夠讓公司員工為公司的發(fā)展盡心盡力，又能吸引更多投資人把資源投到公司來，公司做大做強可以說事半功倍。

4、 Employee equity incentives. Through equity incentives, not only can company employees devote themselves to the development of the company, but also attract more investors to invest resources in the company. Expanding and strengthening the company can achieve twice the result with half the effort.

所以說一個好的股權(quán)布局至少要涵蓋這4個方面，實際操作中怎么去弄呢？最簡單的一個方法就是參照上市公司的股權(quán)架構(gòu)，我這里收集了各行各業(yè)各上市公司的股權(quán)架構(gòu)模板，需要的話，你可以拿回去參考參考，只需要對有些股權(quán)比例的額度做調(diào)整就可以用了，沒有的都可以來找我拿啊。

So, a good equity layout should cover at least these four aspects, how to do it in practical operation? The simplest method is to refer to the equity structure of listed companies. I have collected equity structure templates from various industries and listed companies. If you need them, you can take them back for reference. You only need to adjust the quota of some equity ratios and you can use them. If you don't have them, you can come to me for them.