除了個(gè)人直接持股之外，股東可以先設(shè)立一個(gè)有限公司，作為持股平臺，然后用這個(gè)持股平臺去投資和控制實(shí)體公司，實(shí)體公司可以下設(shè)若干個(gè)銷售、產(chǎn)研、品牌、供應(yīng)鏈等公司，也可以設(shè)立不同的區(qū)域公司。這樣的股權(quán)安排，便是有限公司間接持股架構(gòu)。在這個(gè)架構(gòu)里，股東最先設(shè)立的有限公司，便屬于持股平臺工具，除了投資和控股，一般不作實(shí)體經(jīng)營。那么，有限公司作為持股平臺時(shí)，究竟有哪些妙用呢？圖片

In addition to individual direct shareholding, shareholders can first establish a limited company as a shareholding platform, and then use this shareholding platform to invest and control the physical company. The physical company can have several sales, production and research, brand, supply chain and other companies under it, and can also establish different regional companies. This equity arrangement is the indirect shareholding structure of a limited company. In this structure, the limited company established by shareholders is considered a shareholding platform tool, and generally does not engage in physical operations except for investment and control. So, what are the wonderful uses of a limited company as a shareholding platform? picture

一、老板可發(fā)揮股權(quán)杠桿效應(yīng)，橫向集中表決權(quán)，縱向撬動(dòng)資金鏈。如果全部個(gè)人直接持股，雞一嘴鴨一嘴，都有權(quán)發(fā)話，不利于公司決策權(quán)集中。中間搭建一層有限公司作平臺，把其他股東放在這個(gè)平臺里，老板自己可通過股權(quán)比例、擔(dān)任法定代表人等方式，控制持股平臺進(jìn)而控制實(shí)體公司，既整合了各方資金資源，又不至于話語權(quán)分散。

1、 The boss can leverage the equity leverage effect, horizontally concentrate voting rights, and vertically leverage the capital chain. If all individuals directly hold shares, everyone has the right to speak up, which is not conducive to the concentration of decision-making power in the company. Build a limited company as a platform in the middle, and place other shareholders on this platform. The boss can control the shareholding platform and then control the physical company through methods such as equity ratio and serving as the legal representative. This not only integrates various financial resources, but also prevents the dispersion of discourse power.

二、有限公司持股平臺存在納稅籌劃空間。實(shí)體公司賺錢后，股東分紅要么消費(fèi)，要么投資。消費(fèi)進(jìn)入小錢包，依法繳個(gè)稅；投資需要中轉(zhuǎn)站，中國公司向中國公司分紅享受免征所得稅待遇，因此投資、轉(zhuǎn)增資本，均可通過有限公司這個(gè)資金導(dǎo)管來完成。

2、 There is room for tax planning on the limited company shareholding platform. After a physical company makes money, shareholders either consume or invest in dividends. Consume into a small wallet and pay personal income tax in accordance with the law; Investment requires a transfer station, and Chinese companies can enjoy income tax exemption when distributing dividends to Chinese companies. Therefore, investment and capital increase can be completed through the limited company fund conduit.

三、有限公司持股平臺還可以為實(shí)體公司融資和孵化新業(yè)務(wù)，提供騰挪運(yùn)作空間。

3、 The limited company shareholding platform can also provide financing and incubation of new businesses for physical companies, providing a space for mobile operations.

持股平臺可以承擔(dān)孵化器功能，比如：實(shí)體公司的非優(yōu)質(zhì)資產(chǎn)，可以剝離到持股平臺；尚處于培育早期，但非常有前景的新項(xiàng)目可以先放在持股平臺培育，等條件時(shí)機(jī)成熟之后再通過定向增發(fā)方式注入實(shí)體公司，或單獨(dú)包裝上市；持股平臺之下的多家公司，如果經(jīng)營發(fā)展好，可以合并報(bào)表，利用強(qiáng)大的集團(tuán)化實(shí)力，來為實(shí)體公司擔(dān)保增信，獲取較低成本的融資。

The shareholding platform can serve as an incubator, for example, non high-quality assets of physical companies can be divested from the shareholding platform; New projects that are still in the early stages of cultivation but have great prospects can be first cultivated on the shareholding platform, and then injected into the physical company through targeted issuance or separately packaged for listing after the conditions are ripe; Multiple companies under the shareholding platform, if they operate well, can consolidate their financial statements and utilize their strong group strength to provide guarantees and credit enhancement for physical companies, and obtain low-cost financing.

持股平臺可以作為資源承載倉，比如：為了實(shí)體公司保持合規(guī)和干凈，有些不宜在實(shí)體公司層面出現(xiàn)的特殊利益，就可以在持股平臺層面完成戰(zhàn)略資源協(xié)調(diào)。

Stock holding platforms can serve as resource carrying warehouses. For example, in order to maintain compliance and cleanliness of physical companies, strategic resource coordination can be completed at the stock holding platform level for special interests that are not suitable to appear at the physical company level.

如果實(shí)體公司是上市公司，當(dāng)其控制權(quán)變更時(shí)會(huì)面臨繁雜的監(jiān)管流程，因此可以考慮在其持股平臺層面進(jìn)行控股股東調(diào)整和股權(quán)交易，從而繞開交易所股票變更流程，而且還能方便稅務(wù)籌劃。

If a physical company is a listed company, it will face complex regulatory processes when its control rights change. Therefore, it can be considered to adjust its controlling shareholders and conduct equity trading at the level of its shareholding platform, thereby bypassing the exchange's stock change process and facilitating tax planning.

四、有限公司持股平臺還能起到“安樂窩”效果，便于安排老人，提拔新人。通常，一個(gè)公司從創(chuàng)業(yè)到成熟到擴(kuò)張?jiān)俚郊瘓F(tuán)化的過程，也是許多老臣打天下并最終不思進(jìn)取或不愿進(jìn)取的過程。隨著財(cái)富自由，老兄弟們激情早已不再，學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)力稀薄，跟不上老大的新思路和新戰(zhàn)略，但又占著位置，礙于情面或江湖羽毛，老大又不能直接將其拿下。這時(shí)，如果有個(gè)凌駕于實(shí)體公司之上的集團(tuán)化持股平臺，那就可以把老臣們升級到集團(tuán)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，將騰出來的職位給到充滿干勁的新銳力量，新舊兩全，各得其所，豈不妙哉！

4、 The limited company shareholding platform can also serve as a "safe haven" effect, making it easier to arrange for the elderly and promote new employees. Usually, the process of a company going from entrepreneurship to maturity, expansion, and then to collectivization is also a process in which many veterans dominate the world and ultimately do not want to make progress or are unwilling to do so. With the freedom of wealth, the passion of the older brothers is no longer strong, and their learning motivation is thin. They cannot keep up with the new ideas and strategies of the boss, but they occupy a position, which is hindered by personal relationships or martial arts skills, and the boss cannot directly take them down. At this point, if there is a group shareholding platform that is superior to the physical company, it can upgrade the veteran officials to group leaders, and give the vacant positions to energetic new forces. It's great to have both the old and the new, each taking their place!